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(No Mod'l.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. W. CARTER 82: D. MACKENZIE.

DITGHING MACHINE.

No. 416,210. Patented Dec. 3, 1889.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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. DITGHING MACHINE.

No. 416,210. Patented Dec. 3, 1889.

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(No Model.) 3 SheetsShe'et 3. W.,GARTER & D. MACKENZIE.

DITGHING MACHINE.

No. 416,210. Patented Dec. 3, 1889.

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showing how the UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS, ONTARIO,

, (ANADA DlTCHlNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,210, dated December 3, 1889. I Application filed January 18, 1889. Serial No. 296,710- (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that we, lVALTER CARTER and DAVID MACKENZIE, subjects of Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain, residing at St. Thomas, Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ditching-Machines; and we declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of' the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,which form a part of this specification In the drawings, Figure l is an elevation of our improved ditcher. Fig. 2 is a central Fig. is a perspective view of the same. Fig. 4 isaper spective view, on a larger scale, of a part of the main-wheel rim, canrarms, and main frame, showing the blades indifferent positions. Fig. 5 is an elevation illustrating the bowed axle-and bale. Fig. 6 is a detail view plow-standard is engaged with the main frame. Fig. 7 is a detail view showing another form of spring for holding the rack-bar into engagement with its actuating-pinion. Fig. 8 shows how the spring G acts on opposite sides of the pivot 6 Our invention consists of the combination of devices and appliances hereinafter specified, and more particularly pointed out in the claims. l I

A represents a pair of truck-wh eels, and B an axle bowed'over from one wheel to the other. The axle-sections proper Z) are made de achable from the bow-section b, and are braced by rods or bars b Which extend from points just within the wheels to points on the how b. --lhe-axle.is further braced and held in the 'p'roper position by the rods 6 which extend from the axle forward to the draft-frame .D andare attached thereto at 19 O is a-"plow-point, and O is an earth-channel formed back of the plow-point and on an easy curveto conform generally to the curvature of the elevator-wheel. It has lateral retaining-flanges c, to prevent the escape of earth at the sides.

D is a frame-work engaged with the draftpole D. The elevator-wheel E is journaled explained, to vibrate from one The plow-point C is provided with standards G which at their upper ends slide within retaining clip-plates c and these latter plates are pivoted to the frame D.

1* is a rack bar or brace, which extends down back of the shovel-point and is engaged therewith. This rack-bar meshes at its upper end with a gear j, which is governed by a hand-wheel f. By means of this hand-wheel and rack-bar the plow-point may be given any desired set with respect to the elevatorwheel, so as to make a greater or less depth of cut.

The elevator-wheel E is provided with a series of blades or buckets e 011 its periphery. Each one of these blades is located on the outer end of a lever e, pivoted at e to the wheel and with the free inner end a of the lever projecting toward the hub. A flange e limits the movement of the bucket or blade in one direction by striking the rim of the wheel, and this it does when the said blade has been raised to a position where its plane is parallel with the periphery of the wheel.

G is a spring-rod .pivotally connected .to and which, acting on one side of the pivot 6 serves. to hold the blade 6 in place when brought up parallel with the periphery, and when the blade is brought back with its heel against the periphery the same spring serves by acting 011 the opposite side of said pivot to holdthe blade in this its normal position. The spring is engaged with a crank 6 0111 the end of the pivot 6 and arranged, as above side to, the other of the pivot. A lug E, over which the arms e are obliged to ride, raises the blades out parallel with the periphery, and a Wheel G forces them back to their normal positions.

H is a discharger. It has an arm h, which projects out close to the periphery of the wheel E in such a relation to the lug E that each blade will ride over the arm while the blade is in its raised position parallel with the periphery of the wheel.

The operation of the mechanism will now be understood. The machine is broughtonto the ground and the plow-point is adjusted to take the desired bite into tl1eearth,determined by the depth to which it projects below the wheel E. Now as the machine is drawn forward the wheel rolls upon the ground and the plow-point plows up the earth. As the earth is raised by the plow-point it passes back into the earth-channel As the machine moves, on the blades inove up through the earth-channel and carry the earth on up to the top of the wheel. Here the arm e rides onto the lug E, which lifts the blade out parallel to the rim of the wheel, and it then rides over the arm h of the discharger H. This scoops out the earth that rests beneath the blade and deflects it out one side and off onto the ground at the side of the ditch. A little beyond this point the'blade is, by the wheel G, forced back to its normal position ready to travel on around and repeat its former operation.

At I is a scraper adj ustably connected with the axle and arranged at an angle therewith, which levels off the earth thrown down from the discharger.

J represents brace-rods connecting the axle with the draft-pole or frame-work adjacent thereto.

K represents other brace-rods which sustain the earth-channel and at their forward ends connect with links 70, which yield as the position of the rods are changed.

The spring-rods G are so curved that as they spring they will not come into contact with the spokes of the wheel.

J represents a link depending from the pole which engages the end of the braces J, and L is the doubletree. This construction conveys the draft of the team directly to the coupling J 2 on the plow standard. Now, should the plow-point strike a root, stone, or other obstruction, the plow-point will yield backward, the plow-standard sliding through the clip 0 to accommodate the movement. At thesame time the spring j", which holds the rack-bar in engagement with the pinion f, will under this strain yield and permit the rack to ride over the teeth of the pinion, and so prevent breaking the apparatus. Of course as the plow-standard O is thus thrown back with the plow the strain comes directly .onthe team instead of upon unyielding parts which might otherwise break.

That we claim is- 1. The combination, with the truck-wheels and elevating-wheel, of a bowed axle uniting the truck-wheels, and a frame vertically adjustable in the bow section, in which the elevator-wheel is journaled, substantially as de- .scribed.

2. The combination of two truck-wheels, a bowed axle uniting the two wheels and connected by braces or rods with the draft-frame, an elevator-wheel located in the bow, journaled in the frame, and thelatter pivoted adjacent to the point of application of the draft, and a bail adapted to travel vertically within the axle-bow, to which the rear of said frame is pivoted, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with an elevatingwheel, of elevator-blades e, pivots on said blades, spring-arms connected to said pivots, and a trip adapted to raise said blades, whereby the pivots are shifted and blades are held in their raised position by the spring-arms, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with the elevatingwheel, of blades each held in normal position by a spring, said spring adapted also to hold the blade in its discharging posit-ion, substantially as described.

5. The combination,with the elevator-wheel, of pivoted blades on its periphery, a trip adapted to raise each blade to discharge its load of earth, and means for acting directly on the edges of said blades for forcing them back to their normal positions, substantially as described.

6. The combination,with the elevator-wheel, of blades pivoted upon arms, a tripping-lug E, a retracting-Wheel G, and spring-rods G, adapted to hold the blades both in normal and in discharging posit-ions,substantially as described.

7. The combination, with the plow-standard and the straining-rods J, of the pendent link J and means for engaging the team thereto, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with the plow-point and rack-bar, of the engaging-pinion and a spring for holding the rack to the pinion by a yielding connection, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with the plow-point and an earth-channel in continuation thereof, of standards 0 extending from the channel forward and movably engaged in clips pivoted to the frame, rods J, pivoted to said standards 0 extending forward to the draft, and rods K, pivoted to the said arms 0 and extending to the uprights of the frame D,the construction being such that when the plowpoint is raised it is thrown back from the wheel, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we sign .this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

\VALTER CARTER. DAVID MACKENZIE.

Witn esses:

J. 'l. KIRKLAND, W. A. FRASER.

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